Apparatus for handling ashes and other materials



P. H. RAUN APPARATUS FOR HANDLING ASHES AND OTHER MATERIALS Sept. 11, 192:;

3- Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 10, 1923 I gum-m,

Sept. 11, 1928. 1,683,917

P. H. RAUN APPARATUS FOR HANDLING LSHES AND OTHER MATERIALS Filed Jan. 10, 192:5 a Sheets-Sheet 2 IIIIIIIII Sept. 11, 1928. 1,683,917

P. H. RAUN APPARATUS FOR HANDLING ASHES AND OTHER MATERIALS Filed Jan. 10, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet WA W/A FT T\ 1 I l i 1 {i 5 Z i g l I S I gnucntof (1H0: mzu

Patented Sept. 11, 1928;

PATENT OFFICE.

UNITED STATES PETER H. RAUN, OF FREDERICK, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE FREDERICK ENGI- NEERING COMPANY, OF FREDERICK, MARYLAND, A CORPORATION MARYLAND.

APPARATUS FOR HANDLING ASHES AND OTHER MATERIALS.

Application filed January 10, 1923- Serial No. 611,769.

My invention relates to a means for handling ashes and other materials.

Among the objects of my invention are To provide a means for handling ashes and other materials according to which they are first caused to pass through a crusher mechanism which allows all the pieces of material that are of a predetermined size and sizes thereunder to pass and which reduces all the larger pieces to said predetermined size and sizes thereunder, then delivering the detritus formed of said pieces into a trough, pipe or other conductor therefor, then ap plying a current of fluid to said detritus in such a manner as to prevent the compaction thereof in order to produce a current of fluid with the loose particles of material transported therein, then delivering the agglomerate of fluid and material to a suitable pump having passages larger than said predetermined size, and by use of said pump forcing said agglomerate to a suitable dumping location.

To provide a crusher mechanism for use with my improved ash handling means comprising means for reducing the ashes to a predetermined size and sizes thereunder, including means adapted to yield to prevent materials having a high crushing strength from' breaking the parts of my improved crusher.

To provide a trough, pipe or other conductor having a peculiarly formed interior which shall effectually prevent compaction of the material carried thereby and will insure continuous and regular passage of the material therethrough when a current of fluid is ap-- plied thereto.

To provide a pump for the emulation of the fluid and combining with the pump a reservoir on its induction side so that there shall be always an effective head upon said side.

These and other objects of my invention will become apparentin the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and the novel means by which said, objects are eifectuated will be definitely pointed out in the claims.

On the accompanying drawings arrows are placed adjacent dotted lines in order to show the direction in which the section indicated by the dotted line is viewed.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation showing parts in section of an ash pit of a furnace joi i g the crusher gate, the corresponding dumping grate, the chute forthe detritus and a section of the trough and showing the crusher mechanism of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary cross sectional view of the parts shown in Fig. 1 when viewed in the direction of the arrow 4 in said figure.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the-crusher 26 when. viewed in the direction of the arrow 5 in Fig. 1. 7

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are, respectively, sections of the trough which may be used With the crusher of my invention.

Figiis a section of a special form of trough that may be used if desired, and

Fig. 8 shows a modified arrangement of the crusher gate with respect to the crusher plate. i

In the drawings is the ash pit of a furnace and the latter may be either fired by hand or by anyapprove-d stoker, sented by 21 and the dumping bars by 22, the

latter serving to dump the ashes in any ap;

proved manner into the ash pit. 20.

At the bottom of each ash pit 20 there are shown in the drawings two crusher gate frames 23-23. For an ash pit smaller than that shown in the drawings, but a single crusher gate frame would be secured to the bottom thereof. F or a larger ash pit more than two crusher gate frames would be employed.

' In the rear side of the frame 23 there is formed a'pair of bearings 24-24 in which is revolubly mounted the shaft 25. To the shaft 25 there is secured the crusher 26 having a plurality of curved faces 27, 28 and 29 and with approximately flat faces 30 and 31 between adjacent parts ofcurved faces.

The curved faces 27 and 29 of differing radii are coaxial with the axis of the shaft 25 and. the curved face 28 is eccentrically disposed with reference to said axis. The faces 30 and 31 are preferably radially disposed with reference to the axis of the shaft 25.

The rear of the frame 23 is provided with an opening 32 for the passage therethrough of the crusher 26 and the upper edge of said the grate bars being repre-- brackets 33 also comprise bearings for the shaft 35 whicn extends along the front of the furnaces am is provided with a plurality of pinio-ns 36 each of which meshes with a gear 87 fastened upon the shaft 34. Each gear 37 is provided with an eccentrically disposed pin 38 upon which is j ournaled the connecting r'od39 which passes through the tie plate 40 and is provided with a head ll which slides freely within the U-shaped adjusting members-2. A spring i3 is placed upon the rod 30 between the head 41 and tie plate 4.0 and the latter is secured to the member {l2 Anarm 44.- is secured upon the shaft 25, its outer end being provided with the pin l5 revolubly mounted. in the block 4-6. The block 46 slides freely in the member and its location therein is adjusted by the screw 47.

The pin isprovided with a handle and is threaded into the arm 44 so that the connectin rod 39 may be disconnected from the arm whenever it is desirable to operate the crusher 26 by hand.

' The relief plate 48 is hinged as lto the brackets and it rests against springs such as 50. Screws such as 51 provided with shoulders such as 52 support tl e springs 50. and serve to adjust the location of the lower portion of the plate 48 with reference tothe crusher-'26 and the plate 48 is preferably provided with a plurality'of serrations 58trenchant towards the pivot 49. r

The curved surfaces 27', 28 and 29 are preferably corrugated as shown in Fig. 5for the purpose of reducing the friction.

Vi hen it is desired to operate the crusher 26 by hand for-any purpose, as'fo-r instance, a breakdown of the driving mechanism that operates it, or when my improved crusher mechanism is used in a plant too small. to warrant the use of driving mechanism therefor, then the connecting rod 39 is either disconn cted from the arm 44:, as before explained,

or omitted altogether, thenthe hand lever 54L isintroduced within holes provided in the flanges formed upon the arm- :1 and used for vibrating the crusher 26.

Below each. crusher gate there is provided 'a chute such as 56 which receives the detritus from the crusher mechanism and delivers it to the trough 57.

The trough 57 extends underneath the furnaces whatever number there may be of same and it is provided with a gentle slope and at thehighest point of'theslope a nozzle may be provided which is connected to a source of water and insures a constant flow thereof Within the trough 57. In order to prevent compaction of the detritus within the trough 57 and to increase the life of said trough wherever any part thereof is subject to pressure as for instance, on the bottom where it is subject tothe' pressure produced by the .eflect of gravity upon the detritus or upon the outer choke the corrugations.

curve of curved portions of said troughwhere said trough is subject to the pressure produced by centrifugal force upon said detritus,

the surface subject to pressure is corrugated as shown at 59 in Figs. 1 and et which represent sections of a straight portion of trough, and wherever the trough, is curved it is provided with the bottom corrugations 59 as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 and with corrugations as at 60 upon the outside curve of the curved portions of said trough.

For certain purposes and in handling cer ta'in materials, I find it advisable to corrugate the bottom and sides of the trough as shown in Fig. 7.

The rule to be followed in'deter nining the pitch of said corrugations is that the pitch must not be so great that the large particles will become compacted in the corrugations,

nor so small that the small particles will I preferably chill these corrugations and thus greatly increase the life of the trough. Furthermore, the detritus moves much more freely owing to the existence of the corrugations because its friction with them is reduccd. Th to say the corrugations are of such size Ll a tncfine ash tends to sift to the bottom of the corrugations and the water tends to buoy up the ash or float the samein a layer substantially in alignment With the extremities of the corrugations.- The larger ash then tends to ride on the fine ash in its progress through the trough or in other words the big ash has substantially point contact with the extremities of the corrugations 1 thereby passing more freely through the trough tact.

' Another effect that greatly increases the efficiency of my improved trough is that the current of water has a clear space along the bottom of the corrugations which does not become'filled with materialand, consequent- 1Y5 the'wate'r can buoy the detritus and diminish its pressure upon thecorrugations. Furthermore, the erosive action of the water pass-v by reason of reduction in friction con 'llO ing along the bottom of the corrugations prevents compaction of the detritus.

While I have shown one form 'of crusher mechanism for use with my improved means for hauling ashes and other materials, it is to be understood that any approved form of crusher mechanism may be used therefor. It

' is also to beunderstood that many of the appurtenances may be changed and that many features of the system may be varied Without departing from the spirit of my invention.

One such variation is shown in Fig. 8 in which the crusher mechanismisplaced immedately under the stoker grate 21. The parts are arranged similarly to those shown in Fig. 3 excepting that the lever 44 is:pr0- vided with an arm 44 which is connected by the link 44 with. the crusher. 26 The crusher mechanism frame 23 which supports the crusher 26 is secured at the top of the ash pit 20 instead of near the bottom thereof.

I claim 1. In a crusher mechanism, the combination with a frame, of a crusher pivotally mounted therein on an axis off center from the center line of said frame, the operative portion of said crusher comprising a plurality of alternately positioned concentric and eccentric curved surfaces, a plate pivotally mounted in said frame and a spring for yieldably supporting said plate at a predetermined distance from said crusher in cooperative relation to each of said curved surfaces.

2. In a crusher mechanism, the combination with a frame, of a crusher pivotally mounted therein on an axis off center'from the center line of said frame, the operative portion of said crusher comprising independently curved and alternately positioned, concentric and eccentric surfaces, a plate pivotally mounted in said frame and a spring for yiel-dably supporting said plate at a predetermined distance from said gate, said coaxially aligned surfaces being of diflerent radii than the adjacent unaligned surface.

3. A crusher mechanism comprising in combination a frame, a crusher member pivotally mounted adjacent one side of said frame, a spring pressed plate pivotally mounted at the opposite side of said frame, said crusher member being arranged to oscillate toward and away from said spring pressed plate and having a plurality of concentrically and eccentrically independently curved faces of differing radii connected in a plane passing through the pivot thereof each adapted to successively cooperate with biting surfaces on said plate for reducing the size of material passed therebetween.

4. A crusher mechanism comprising a frame, a crusher member pivotally mounted adjacent one side of said frame for oscillating motion, a spring pressed plate pivotally mounted at the opposite side of said frame, saidcrusher member having a plurality of independent curved surfaces with the extreme end faces of said crusher curved concentrically with respect to the pivot thereof and the intermedate surface of said crusher curved eccentrically with respect to the pivot thereof and joined in substantially radial planes, each of said surfaces successively cooperating with said spring pressed plate for reducing the size of material passing therebetween.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature.

PETER H. RAUN. 

